SUMMARY OF UNIT 1
Dialogue 1
Asnita is speaking to Mr Rahmat, the direct supervisor. She would like to ask Mr Rahmat to analyze a report she has written.
Asnita : Excuse me, Mr Rahmat. Could I talk to you for a moment?
Rahmat : Certainly, how can I help you?
Asnita : I've finished the report you requested and I wonder if you wouldn't mind taking a look at it.
Rahmat : That's good to hear. I'd be happy to look through the report you've prepared.
Asnita : I'd also appreciate it if you could give me some feedback.
Rahmat : Certainly, I'll let you know what I think.
Asnita : Thank you.
Rahmat : You’re welcome.
Asnita is speaking to Mr Rahmat, the direct supervisor. She would like to ask Mr Rahmat to analyze a report she has written.
Asnita : Excuse me, Mr Rahmat. Could I talk to you for a moment?
Rahmat : Certainly, how can I help you?
Asnita : I've finished the report you requested and I wonder if you wouldn't mind taking a look at it.
Rahmat : That's good to hear. I'd be happy to look through the report you've prepared.
Asnita : I'd also appreciate it if you could give me some feedback.
Rahmat : Certainly, I'll let you know what I think.
Asnita : Thank you.
Rahmat : You’re welcome.
1. Why does Asnita want to
talk to Mr Rahmat?
2. Does Mr Rahmat want to help Asnita?
3. What does he say?
4. What else does Asnita ask Mr Rahmat to do?
5. In what context is their conversation? Personal or professional?
2. Does Mr Rahmat want to help Asnita?
3. What does he say?
4. What else does Asnita ask Mr Rahmat to do?
5. In what context is their conversation? Personal or professional?
Dialogue 2
Wiwid wants to have a talk with Indah, but Indah is very busy. She has a very tight schedule.
Wiwid : Hi, Indah. Do you think it's possible for us to have a talk today?
Indah : I'd love to, but I have a pretty tight MANNERS IN THE WORKPLACE
Being a professional, you have to pay attention to etiquettes in your workplace. There is something you as professionals have to possess, namely good manners. Good manners are shown from several aspects, such as your physical appearance, attitudes, and personality.
It is important to dress in a manner consistent with company culture and make sure your clothes are always clean. Besides, it is good for you to keep yourself clean. Taking shower or bathing every day is a must. It can relax your mind, lighten a little bit of your burden, make you feel fresh and be ready for your work. Brushing your teeth every morning after breakfast is important to keep your breath fresh.
Wiwid wants to have a talk with Indah, but Indah is very busy. She has a very tight schedule.
Wiwid : Hi, Indah. Do you think it's possible for us to have a talk today?
Indah : I'd love to, but I have a pretty tight MANNERS IN THE WORKPLACE
Being a professional, you have to pay attention to etiquettes in your workplace. There is something you as professionals have to possess, namely good manners. Good manners are shown from several aspects, such as your physical appearance, attitudes, and personality.
It is important to dress in a manner consistent with company culture and make sure your clothes are always clean. Besides, it is good for you to keep yourself clean. Taking shower or bathing every day is a must. It can relax your mind, lighten a little bit of your burden, make you feel fresh and be ready for your work. Brushing your teeth every morning after breakfast is important to keep your breath fresh.
Besides, you also have to be aware of
your gesture. You have to stand up straight and sit with legs together to avoid
displays. Your gesture will influence others’ impression on you. A wrong
gesture will make a negative impression.
Then, you need to be careful with your attitude. Treat a cubicle as if it has a door and a ceiling. Speak calmly and with an even cadence, in person and on the telephone. Personal telephone conversations should be kept to a minimum if you inhabit a cubicle. No one wants to hear your arguments with your spouse. Confidential business conversations should also be kept to a minimum if you're in a cubicle for similar reasons. You do not want to prematurely spill the beans on some important deal. You also have to avoid aggressive behavior such as leaning into people, pointing at others, interrupting others, crowding others, using heavy perfume or cologne and bringing odorous food into the office. Snorting, spitting, or picking at any part of yourself is considered impolite.
Moreover, if you use an elevator, face forward in the elevator. If you are getting off near the top of the building, move to the rear of the elevator. If you're getting off on a lower floor, stand close to the front. Say "Hello" or "Good morning" to those you encounter in the morning and "Good night" to those you encounter as you leave.
It can be concluded that being a professional needs a good package consisting of physical appearance, attitude, and personality. All aspects really influence your impression and help you get along with others, especially your clients. Furthermore, of course, it will give a big effect to your career.
Questions
1. What do good manners consist of?
2. What should you do to your appearance?
3. Why is your gesture important?
4. What should not you do in a workplace?
5. Is a professional’s personality important in his/her career?
Then, you need to be careful with your attitude. Treat a cubicle as if it has a door and a ceiling. Speak calmly and with an even cadence, in person and on the telephone. Personal telephone conversations should be kept to a minimum if you inhabit a cubicle. No one wants to hear your arguments with your spouse. Confidential business conversations should also be kept to a minimum if you're in a cubicle for similar reasons. You do not want to prematurely spill the beans on some important deal. You also have to avoid aggressive behavior such as leaning into people, pointing at others, interrupting others, crowding others, using heavy perfume or cologne and bringing odorous food into the office. Snorting, spitting, or picking at any part of yourself is considered impolite.
Moreover, if you use an elevator, face forward in the elevator. If you are getting off near the top of the building, move to the rear of the elevator. If you're getting off on a lower floor, stand close to the front. Say "Hello" or "Good morning" to those you encounter in the morning and "Good night" to those you encounter as you leave.
It can be concluded that being a professional needs a good package consisting of physical appearance, attitude, and personality. All aspects really influence your impression and help you get along with others, especially your clients. Furthermore, of course, it will give a big effect to your career.
Questions
1. What do good manners consist of?
2. What should you do to your appearance?
3. Why is your gesture important?
4. What should not you do in a workplace?
5. Is a professional’s personality important in his/her career?
schedule today.
Wiwid : Oh, what do you have to do?
Indah : Well, I have to finish a report by ten. Then, I have to drive to the airport to fetch my client at eleven. After that, I'll have a meeting with him over lunch. I guess I won't have a break until two o'clock. Then, from three until five, I have to attend a senior staff meeting.
Wiwid : Wow, what a busy day!
Wiwid : Oh, what do you have to do?
Indah : Well, I have to finish a report by ten. Then, I have to drive to the airport to fetch my client at eleven. After that, I'll have a meeting with him over lunch. I guess I won't have a break until two o'clock. Then, from three until five, I have to attend a senior staff meeting.
Wiwid : Wow, what a busy day!
1. Why does Indah refuse to
have a talk with Wiwid?
2. What does she have to do by ten?
3. When does she have to fetch her client?
4. Will she have a break at one?
5. In what context is their conversation? Personal or professional?
2. What does she have to do by ten?
3. When does she have to fetch her client?
4. Will she have a break at one?
5. In what context is their conversation? Personal or professional?
Unit 2
Petrus : Have you decided
about your future job, Ham?
Ilham : Yup! I’ve decided to work on a cruise ship.
Petrus : Wow… It means you have to get a hotel diploma.
Ilham : That’s right.
Petrus : But, you told me that you didn’t like cooking.
Ilham : Just want to let you know, working on a cruise ship isn’t always about cooking. There are various jobs on board under the divisions of Housekeeping, Kitchen, and Food and Beverage.
Petrus : Do you need any training to work on a cruise ship?
Ilham : Of course. I have to take at least a three-month job training in the respective division.
Petrus : Are there any other requirements?
Ilham : I have to take an English course because it’s very essential for a cruising crew member. This job really offers me a challenge I can’t resist!
Questions
1. What has Ilham decided?
2. What job is he interested in?
3. Is working on a cruise ship only about food and beverage?
4. Does he need any training?
5. What course does he need to take?
Ilham : Yup! I’ve decided to work on a cruise ship.
Petrus : Wow… It means you have to get a hotel diploma.
Ilham : That’s right.
Petrus : But, you told me that you didn’t like cooking.
Ilham : Just want to let you know, working on a cruise ship isn’t always about cooking. There are various jobs on board under the divisions of Housekeeping, Kitchen, and Food and Beverage.
Petrus : Do you need any training to work on a cruise ship?
Ilham : Of course. I have to take at least a three-month job training in the respective division.
Petrus : Are there any other requirements?
Ilham : I have to take an English course because it’s very essential for a cruising crew member. This job really offers me a challenge I can’t resist!
Questions
1. What has Ilham decided?
2. What job is he interested in?
3. Is working on a cruise ship only about food and beverage?
4. Does he need any training?
5. What course does he need to take?
Practice this dialogue!
Interviewer : Good morning,
Ms Regita Sofyan.
Interviewee : Good morning, Mr Bima Suseno.
Interviewer : You are applying for the position of a public relations officer, aren’t you?
Interviewee : Yes, Sir.
Interviewer : Could you tell me a little about your educational background?
Interviewee : I have a degree in Public Relations from Gadjah Mada University.
Interviewer : Can you tell me about your last job?
Interviewee : I’m a receptionist in a developing company.
Interviewer : Could you tell me what your duties are?
Interviewee : I receive guests and in-coming phone calls.
Interviewer : I would like to know whether you know your responsibilities if you are accepted here.
Interviewee : As far as I know, a PR officer is responsible for building a good relationship not only between the company and its employees, but also among employees and between the company and customers or colleagues. Interviewer : How would you describe your relationship with your present company?
Interviewee : Our relationship is very good. We communicate well.
Interviewer : So, I would like to know why you are leaving your job.
Interviewee : I want to get a more challenging job which is relevant to my educational background.
Interviewer : I wonder if you could tell me something about what kind of person you are.
Interviewee : I’m diligent and sociable. I’m also a good communicator.
Interviewer : What would you say about your weaknesses?
Interviewee : Some people say I’m a perfectionist.
Interviewer : What is your goal for the future?
Interviewee : Working for a well-developed company like this company.
Interviewer : OK, Ms Regita Sofyan. That’s all for the interview today. I’ll call you for the results later.
Interviewee : Thank you for the interview.
Interviewee : Good morning, Mr Bima Suseno.
Interviewer : You are applying for the position of a public relations officer, aren’t you?
Interviewee : Yes, Sir.
Interviewer : Could you tell me a little about your educational background?
Interviewee : I have a degree in Public Relations from Gadjah Mada University.
Interviewer : Can you tell me about your last job?
Interviewee : I’m a receptionist in a developing company.
Interviewer : Could you tell me what your duties are?
Interviewee : I receive guests and in-coming phone calls.
Interviewer : I would like to know whether you know your responsibilities if you are accepted here.
Interviewee : As far as I know, a PR officer is responsible for building a good relationship not only between the company and its employees, but also among employees and between the company and customers or colleagues. Interviewer : How would you describe your relationship with your present company?
Interviewee : Our relationship is very good. We communicate well.
Interviewer : So, I would like to know why you are leaving your job.
Interviewee : I want to get a more challenging job which is relevant to my educational background.
Interviewer : I wonder if you could tell me something about what kind of person you are.
Interviewee : I’m diligent and sociable. I’m also a good communicator.
Interviewer : What would you say about your weaknesses?
Interviewee : Some people say I’m a perfectionist.
Interviewer : What is your goal for the future?
Interviewee : Working for a well-developed company like this company.
Interviewer : OK, Ms Regita Sofyan. That’s all for the interview today. I’ll call you for the results later.
Interviewee : Thank you for the interview.
Questions
1. What position does the interviewee apply for?
2. What is her educational background?
3. What is her work experience?
4. Why does she want to leave her present job?
5. What is her responsibility if she is accepted in the company?
1. What position does the interviewee apply for?
2. What is her educational background?
3. What is her work experience?
4. Why does she want to leave her present job?
5. What is her responsibility if she is accepted in the company?
Example:
Student 1: What do you want to do in the future?
Student 2: I want to be a famous fashion designer like Ajie Notonegoro.
Student 3: So, you have to take a major in fashion, don’t you?
Student 2: Sure. What about you?
Student 3: I prefer majoring in automotive engineering.
Student 4: Do you want to be a mechanic?
Student 3: Yes. A professional mechanic and racer. That’s my dream.
Student 1: What do you want to do in the future?
Student 2: I want to be a famous fashion designer like Ajie Notonegoro.
Student 3: So, you have to take a major in fashion, don’t you?
Student 2: Sure. What about you?
Student 3: I prefer majoring in automotive engineering.
Student 4: Do you want to be a mechanic?
Student 3: Yes. A professional mechanic and racer. That’s my dream.
WEBMASTER:
A CHALLENGING JOB
Do you have any idea about webmaster? In this era of modern communications technology, having a job as a webmaster can be a consideration. ‘A webmaster’ can literally be defined as an expert in the field of webbing. A webmaster is a person who not only creates, but also maintains a website. In maintaining a website, a webmaster needs to update all information as well as the profile of the company or the organization which belongs to the site.
Do you have any idea about webmaster? In this era of modern communications technology, having a job as a webmaster can be a consideration. ‘A webmaster’ can literally be defined as an expert in the field of webbing. A webmaster is a person who not only creates, but also maintains a website. In maintaining a website, a webmaster needs to update all information as well as the profile of the company or the organization which belongs to the site.
A webmaster has to master at least one
of the four subdivisions, namely web designing, graphic designing, web
development, and web content editing. The expert in the first division is
called a web designer. He or she needs to design a website and be knowledgeable,
at least, about Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) coding. In the graphic
designing part, a graphic designer designs the lay-out and creates an attractive
image. However, a graphic designer may not always be a web designer. A web
developer is an expert in the web development. He or she creates the website’s
programs and deals with the input and the process. He or she needs to know a programming
language like ASP. A web content editor is the one whose job is to provide
information about the
site. An editor does not need to be technologically literate, but to have knowledge about sentence structure. Although the job can be divided into several parts, a webmaster might work individually or in a team, depending on the website’s scope. To be a webmaster, you do not have to major in computer science. If you have a relevant educational background, it will be a plus for you. However, the main thing is that you are eager to learn. You can provide yourself with an internet connected computer, take appropriate courses, and start practicing by creating a personal homepage. After that, you can gain a lot of advantages from it. So, are you ready to be a webmaster? Prepare yourself now…
site. An editor does not need to be technologically literate, but to have knowledge about sentence structure. Although the job can be divided into several parts, a webmaster might work individually or in a team, depending on the website’s scope. To be a webmaster, you do not have to major in computer science. If you have a relevant educational background, it will be a plus for you. However, the main thing is that you are eager to learn. You can provide yourself with an internet connected computer, take appropriate courses, and start practicing by creating a personal homepage. After that, you can gain a lot of advantages from it. So, are you ready to be a webmaster? Prepare yourself now…
APPRENTICESHIP
Apprenticeship is a good activity for students who want to get work experience before they graduate from school. They will get the chance to work in a company although they have not graduated yet. The company will place them in the division which is related to their educational background. For example, in a supermarket, students with a Hotel and Tourism background are placed in the Fresh Section. They deal with the bakery and salad bar. In a bank, students from an accounting program are placed in the administration department.
They are assigned to execute stock inventory, file and arrange in-coming and out-going letters. Indeed, the students will not be placed in the high position, but it still gives many advantages to them.
What do the students actually gain in being an apprentice? Of course, they will earn money, but the valuable experience is the most important thing. In an apprenticeship program, they will improve their
competency and learn to interact with people whom they meet in the working environment. By having more knowledge and network with a company, they will get a clearer future after graduating from school.
To be an apprentice, the students have to get an accompanying letter from the headmaster at school. This letter will inform the company that they are students who are willing to have a temporary job there. The company’s personnel department will inform about the requirements. Some company may give a test, but the others may not.
Being an apprentice is very beneficial. It gives not only money, but also invaluable experience. So, never be hesitant to take a chance for apprenticeship.
Apprenticeship is a good activity for students who want to get work experience before they graduate from school. They will get the chance to work in a company although they have not graduated yet. The company will place them in the division which is related to their educational background. For example, in a supermarket, students with a Hotel and Tourism background are placed in the Fresh Section. They deal with the bakery and salad bar. In a bank, students from an accounting program are placed in the administration department.
They are assigned to execute stock inventory, file and arrange in-coming and out-going letters. Indeed, the students will not be placed in the high position, but it still gives many advantages to them.
What do the students actually gain in being an apprentice? Of course, they will earn money, but the valuable experience is the most important thing. In an apprenticeship program, they will improve their
competency and learn to interact with people whom they meet in the working environment. By having more knowledge and network with a company, they will get a clearer future after graduating from school.
To be an apprentice, the students have to get an accompanying letter from the headmaster at school. This letter will inform the company that they are students who are willing to have a temporary job there. The company’s personnel department will inform about the requirements. Some company may give a test, but the others may not.
Being an apprentice is very beneficial. It gives not only money, but also invaluable experience. So, never be hesitant to take a chance for apprenticeship.
Unit 3
Secretary
: Good morning. Gama Corporation. Can I help you?
Caller : Good morning. May I speak to Mr Fahrur Assegaf, please?
Secretary : Who’s speaking, please?
Caller : This is Apryan Siregar of Horasindo Oil Company.
Secretary : I beg your pardon, Sir. Could you spell your first name, please?
Caller : Alfa-Papa-Romeo-Yankee-Alfa-November. That’s APRYAN.
Secretary : Thank you, Mr Apryan Siregar. Just a moment, please.
Caller : All right.
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir.
Mr Assegaf is in a meeting with the Board now.
Caller : That’s OK! He is the Headboard. Can I leave a message?
Secretary : With pleasure, Sir.
Caller : Please tell him to call me back at 1 p.m. today.
Secretary : Right, Sir. Could I have your phone number, please?
Caller : Sure. +62-817-410-4496. Have you got that?
Secretary : Yes, Sir. +62-817-410-4496. Anything else, Sir?
Caller : Is Mr Rahmat, his assistant, in?
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir. He is attending a seminar in Ogan Hotel.
Could I take your message, Sir?
Caller : Emm…please tell him that I’ll come to see him at 9 tomorrow morning.
Secretary : Right, Sir. I’ll give your message.
Caller : OK. Thank you for your help. Goodbye.
Secretary : You’re welcome, Sir. Goodbye.
Caller : Good morning. May I speak to Mr Fahrur Assegaf, please?
Secretary : Who’s speaking, please?
Caller : This is Apryan Siregar of Horasindo Oil Company.
Secretary : I beg your pardon, Sir. Could you spell your first name, please?
Caller : Alfa-Papa-Romeo-Yankee-Alfa-November. That’s APRYAN.
Secretary : Thank you, Mr Apryan Siregar. Just a moment, please.
Caller : All right.
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir.
Mr Assegaf is in a meeting with the Board now.
Caller : That’s OK! He is the Headboard. Can I leave a message?
Secretary : With pleasure, Sir.
Caller : Please tell him to call me back at 1 p.m. today.
Secretary : Right, Sir. Could I have your phone number, please?
Caller : Sure. +62-817-410-4496. Have you got that?
Secretary : Yes, Sir. +62-817-410-4496. Anything else, Sir?
Caller : Is Mr Rahmat, his assistant, in?
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir. He is attending a seminar in Ogan Hotel.
Could I take your message, Sir?
Caller : Emm…please tell him that I’ll come to see him at 9 tomorrow morning.
Secretary : Right, Sir. I’ll give your message.
Caller : OK. Thank you for your help. Goodbye.
Secretary : You’re welcome, Sir. Goodbye.
Answer
the following questions. Number one has been done as an example.
1. Who is the caller? (The caller is Mr Apryan Siregar.)
2. Whom does he want to speak to?
3. What does the secretary say to know who is calling?
4. What does she say to clarify the caller’s name?
5. How does the caller spell his name?
6. What does he say when he wants to leave a message?
7. What does the caller want Mr Assegaf to do?
8. What is his message to Mr Rahmat?
9. What does the secretary say to know the caller’s phone number?
10.What does she say to end the conversation?
1. Who is the caller? (The caller is Mr Apryan Siregar.)
2. Whom does he want to speak to?
3. What does the secretary say to know who is calling?
4. What does she say to clarify the caller’s name?
5. How does the caller spell his name?
6. What does he say when he wants to leave a message?
7. What does the caller want Mr Assegaf to do?
8. What is his message to Mr Rahmat?
9. What does the secretary say to know the caller’s phone number?
10.What does she say to end the conversation?
1. A:
Call Gama Techno. You need to speak to Mr Naruto Razimoto. If he is not there,
leave a message. Use your own name and number.
B: You work for Gama Techno. Mr Razimoto’s line is engaged at the moment. Ask the caller to hold on or call again later. Offer the caller to leave a message. Take the caller’s name and phone number.
B: You work for Gama Techno. Mr Razimoto’s line is engaged at the moment. Ask the caller to hold on or call again later. Offer the caller to leave a message. Take the caller’s name and phone number.
2. A:
Call Ancient Gallery. You need to speak to the Marketing Manager. If she/he is
not there, leave a message that your company wants the price list and the
latest catalogue of Ancient Gallery.
B: You work for the Ancient Gallery. Ask the caller to wait. You need to check if your Manager is available. Then, you find out that he has just gone out of the office. Offer the caller to leave a message. Tell the caller that you will give his/her message.
B: You work for the Ancient Gallery. Ask the caller to wait. You need to check if your Manager is available. Then, you find out that he has just gone out of the office. Offer the caller to leave a message. Tell the caller that you will give his/her message.
How
to Keep Phone Calls Short
Telephoning is one of the methods by which people are most likely to speak. Unfortunately, we do not always have much time to spend on the phone. However, what can we do to face “a long-winded talker” – a person who makes us impossible to say goodbye?
Here is some advice we may try to overcome such a problem. First, we should never ask questions like “What’s new?” They give the impression that we have time to chat. After “Hello,” we ought to get right to the significant part of the call. We should offer brief responses without prodding for further information.
Telephoning is one of the methods by which people are most likely to speak. Unfortunately, we do not always have much time to spend on the phone. However, what can we do to face “a long-winded talker” – a person who makes us impossible to say goodbye?
Here is some advice we may try to overcome such a problem. First, we should never ask questions like “What’s new?” They give the impression that we have time to chat. After “Hello,” we ought to get right to the significant part of the call. We should offer brief responses without prodding for further information.
Then, we should time our call
intelligently. It is important to set a time limit. Start with, “Hi, I’ve only
got a few minutes, but I wanted to talk to you about…” or “Sorry, I’d love to
talk more, but I only have a couple of minutes before I have to run errands.”
Further, as soon as we finish conducting business, interrupt when the caller pauses – or in mid-sentence if necessary – and indicate we have another call coming in which we need to take. Then, offer a pleasantry saying, “Thanks for sharing the information with me”; “I appreciate your letting me know”; “It has been great talking with you”.
Otherwise, we might offer another means of communication for a future contact, such as “If there’s something else you need, please call my secretary/fax me a note/send me an email.” The caller will feel he is well-informed about our preferred communication
method, leaving us to respond at our leisure. Finally, end the conversation. However, it is going to be a wise alternative to use an answering machine or a voicemail box to screen the calls rather than avoid the phone completely.
Further, as soon as we finish conducting business, interrupt when the caller pauses – or in mid-sentence if necessary – and indicate we have another call coming in which we need to take. Then, offer a pleasantry saying, “Thanks for sharing the information with me”; “I appreciate your letting me know”; “It has been great talking with you”.
Otherwise, we might offer another means of communication for a future contact, such as “If there’s something else you need, please call my secretary/fax me a note/send me an email.” The caller will feel he is well-informed about our preferred communication
method, leaving us to respond at our leisure. Finally, end the conversation. However, it is going to be a wise alternative to use an answering machine or a voicemail box to screen the calls rather than avoid the phone completely.
Answer
the following questions. One has been done as an example.
1. Based on the article, what is the first thing we do to keep the conversation short on the phone? First, we should never ask questions like “What’s new?”
2. Why should we never ask questions like “What’s new?”
3. What is the better thing to do after saying “Hello”?
4. Why do we have to set a time limit?
5. Mention some expressions in the article that indicate a time limit.
6. When may we interrupt the callers’ talk?
7. What does the writer mean by “a long-winded talker”?
8. What might we say to offer the future contact to the caller?
9. What is meant by “well-informed”?
10. What advice do you find in the article?
1. Based on the article, what is the first thing we do to keep the conversation short on the phone? First, we should never ask questions like “What’s new?”
2. Why should we never ask questions like “What’s new?”
3. What is the better thing to do after saying “Hello”?
4. Why do we have to set a time limit?
5. Mention some expressions in the article that indicate a time limit.
6. When may we interrupt the callers’ talk?
7. What does the writer mean by “a long-winded talker”?
8. What might we say to offer the future contact to the caller?
9. What is meant by “well-informed”?
10. What advice do you find in the article?
Unit 4
IN
AN OFFICE
Mr Fahrur Regan wants to meet Mr Aji Pratama but he has no appointment. However, at first, he proposes his aim to the secretary.
Mr Fahrur Regan wants to meet Mr Aji Pratama but he has no appointment. However, at first, he proposes his aim to the secretary.
Secretary:
Good morning, Sir. May I help you?
Mr Regan: Good morning. I’d like to meet Mr Pratama.
Secretary: Have you made an appointment before?
Mr Regan: No. I haven’t. I’ve just arrived back from Sweden this morning. Could you check if he is free?
Secretary: Yes, Sir. Please have a seat first, Sir.
(Then, the secretary calls Mr Pratama).
Secretary : Excuse me, Sir. Mr Regan is in my room now. He is expecting to meet you.
Mr Pratama: Please tell him, I’ll be free at 12.30. I’m having a meeting with the Headboard right now.
Secretary : All right, Sir.
(Then, the secretary speaks to Mr Regan).
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir. Mr Pratama is having a meeting
with the Headboard right now. He told me that he would be free at about 12.30. Would you like to leave a message, Sir?
Mr Regan : Uhm…Please tell him I’ll be back and meet him today at 12.30.
Secretary : All right, Sir. I’ll give him your message.
Mr Regan : Thank you.
Secretary : You’re welcome
Mr Regan: Good morning. I’d like to meet Mr Pratama.
Secretary: Have you made an appointment before?
Mr Regan: No. I haven’t. I’ve just arrived back from Sweden this morning. Could you check if he is free?
Secretary: Yes, Sir. Please have a seat first, Sir.
(Then, the secretary calls Mr Pratama).
Secretary : Excuse me, Sir. Mr Regan is in my room now. He is expecting to meet you.
Mr Pratama: Please tell him, I’ll be free at 12.30. I’m having a meeting with the Headboard right now.
Secretary : All right, Sir.
(Then, the secretary speaks to Mr Regan).
Secretary : I’m sorry, Sir. Mr Pratama is having a meeting
with the Headboard right now. He told me that he would be free at about 12.30. Would you like to leave a message, Sir?
Mr Regan : Uhm…Please tell him I’ll be back and meet him today at 12.30.
Secretary : All right, Sir. I’ll give him your message.
Mr Regan : Thank you.
Secretary : You’re welcome
Now,
answer these questions. Number one has been done for you as an example.
1. Who is the guest? (He is Mr Fahrur Regan.)
2. Whom does the guest want to meet?
3. Does he have an appointment?
4. What does the secretary do to handle the guest?
5. Does Mr Pratama meet the guest immediately? Why?
6. What does Mr Pratama want his secretary to tell the guest?
7. What does the secretary say to take the guest’s message?
1. Who is the guest? (He is Mr Fahrur Regan.)
2. Whom does the guest want to meet?
3. Does he have an appointment?
4. What does the secretary do to handle the guest?
5. Does Mr Pratama meet the guest immediately? Why?
6. What does Mr Pratama want his secretary to tell the guest?
7. What does the secretary say to take the guest’s message?
BUSINESS
ETIQUETTE IN EUROPE
Europe ranges from the cold northern countries of Norway and Sweden to the warm Mediterranean countries of Italy and Greece. Some customs and mores such as the way to shake hands, to mention names and titles, to open a conversation, to express gestures and the like vary as much as the topography, while others are shared across all of Europe.
However, as the standard business greeting gestures throughout Europe, handshake is usually exchanged before and after every meeting, no matter how many meetings you have already had. An exception is in Great Britain, where, as in the United States, an initial handshake is often the only one you will receive.
European Handshakes are more formal and less casual than those in the United States. A quick grasp and release is the norm. In most European countries, handshakes are firm. An exception is France, where a lighter grasp is customary. Finally, it is customary to let women and those in a higher rank to extend their hands first in Europe.
In addition, it is unusual for people in Europe to use first names immediately. Wait until he asks you to call him by his first name or uses a familiar form of address with you. Titles, especially academic titles, are always used in Europe. In the United States, it is unusual for a Professor to be called Doctor or Professor outside the classroom, but in European countries, professors, along with lawyers, medical doctors, and others are introduced with their title(s).
In many European countries, asking people what they do or asking them a personal question as an opening in a conversation is a serious mistake. Europeans are, for the most part, more formal and reserved about such matters than Americans are.
It is important to watch out for these gesture-related mistakes. The American gesture for "OK" using a circle formed by forefinger and thumb is offensive in Germany. Showing your palm to someone is offensive in Greece. Keeping your hands in your pockets is rude. Back-slapping is out of place in northern Europe, and at last, having your hands below the table while dining in France, Germany, and Austria is rude.
At last, we can see that each place has its own customs and mores. Then, we realize that it is very important to know customs and mores of other countries in order to avoid misunderstanding in culture and to build a good overseas business relationship since a good understanding in ones’ cultures might smoothen the business flow and objective.
Europe ranges from the cold northern countries of Norway and Sweden to the warm Mediterranean countries of Italy and Greece. Some customs and mores such as the way to shake hands, to mention names and titles, to open a conversation, to express gestures and the like vary as much as the topography, while others are shared across all of Europe.
However, as the standard business greeting gestures throughout Europe, handshake is usually exchanged before and after every meeting, no matter how many meetings you have already had. An exception is in Great Britain, where, as in the United States, an initial handshake is often the only one you will receive.
European Handshakes are more formal and less casual than those in the United States. A quick grasp and release is the norm. In most European countries, handshakes are firm. An exception is France, where a lighter grasp is customary. Finally, it is customary to let women and those in a higher rank to extend their hands first in Europe.
In addition, it is unusual for people in Europe to use first names immediately. Wait until he asks you to call him by his first name or uses a familiar form of address with you. Titles, especially academic titles, are always used in Europe. In the United States, it is unusual for a Professor to be called Doctor or Professor outside the classroom, but in European countries, professors, along with lawyers, medical doctors, and others are introduced with their title(s).
In many European countries, asking people what they do or asking them a personal question as an opening in a conversation is a serious mistake. Europeans are, for the most part, more formal and reserved about such matters than Americans are.
It is important to watch out for these gesture-related mistakes. The American gesture for "OK" using a circle formed by forefinger and thumb is offensive in Germany. Showing your palm to someone is offensive in Greece. Keeping your hands in your pockets is rude. Back-slapping is out of place in northern Europe, and at last, having your hands below the table while dining in France, Germany, and Austria is rude.
At last, we can see that each place has its own customs and mores. Then, we realize that it is very important to know customs and mores of other countries in order to avoid misunderstanding in culture and to build a good overseas business relationship since a good understanding in ones’ cultures might smoothen the business flow and objective.
Questions
1. What are the standard business greeting gestures throughout Europe?
2. When do Europeans shake their hands with others in a meeting?
3. What is the difference between European and American handshakes?
4. What is customary handshake in Great Britain and France?
5. What is the difference in the use of titles between in Europe and in the United States?
6. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
1. What are the standard business greeting gestures throughout Europe?
2. When do Europeans shake their hands with others in a meeting?
3. What is the difference between European and American handshakes?
4. What is customary handshake in Great Britain and France?
5. What is the difference in the use of titles between in Europe and in the United States?
6. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
Here is a model of conversation in a market. You may create your
own.
Buyer : How much is the black coat?
Seller : It’s only Rp 275,000.
Buyer : Wow! That’s expensive!
Seller : Well, how about Rp 200,000.
Buyer : No. That’s still too much. What about Rp 100,000?
Seller : You can have it for Rp 150,000.
Buyer : OK. That’s reasonable.
Buyer : How much is the black coat?
Seller : It’s only Rp 275,000.
Buyer : Wow! That’s expensive!
Seller : Well, how about Rp 200,000.
Buyer : No. That’s still too much. What about Rp 100,000?
Seller : You can have it for Rp 150,000.
Buyer : OK. That’s reasonable.
Unit 5
Fitri
is Mr Apryan Siregar’s secretary. She comes to Mr Siregar’s room to ask for his
signature on some reports.
Fitri : Here are some reports to be signed, Sir.
Mr Siregar : Any call or message for me?
Fitri : No, Sir.
Mr Siregar : (While giving the reports which have been signed). Please send an email to Mr Melson Santoso from the Ancient and Modern Art Gallery. Tell him that our company is interested in his designs. Ask him to attach us his latest designs and send a copy of them to Mrs Nisa Fauzi. Emphasize that we look forward to his immediate reply.
Fitri : Here are some reports to be signed, Sir.
Mr Siregar : Any call or message for me?
Fitri : No, Sir.
Mr Siregar : (While giving the reports which have been signed). Please send an email to Mr Melson Santoso from the Ancient and Modern Art Gallery. Tell him that our company is interested in his designs. Ask him to attach us his latest designs and send a copy of them to Mrs Nisa Fauzi. Emphasize that we look forward to his immediate reply.
Fitri :
All right, Sir. Anything else, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Yes, Fitri. Write a memo to all our employees that there is a new policy. All the employees have to attend Friday Fresh at 7 sharp in our indoor hall. There will be a direct disciplinary action from me to those who do not attend it without a
good reason.
Fitri : Then, is it going to be a must, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Absolutely, yes. Most of our employees seldom have their self-exercise. I intend to reduce the health insurance cost. And Friday Fresh is the starting
point. All of us have to obey this policy.
Fitri : Including you, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Yes, of course. The leader must be a model.
Fitri : That’s kind of you, Sir! When will it start, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Next Friday, at 7 sharp.
Fitri : Fine, Sir. I’ve got that. Anything else, Sir?
Mr Siregar : That’s all for now, I think.
Fitri : All right, Sir. I’ll do my work right now.
Mr Siregar : Thank you, Fitri.
Fitri : You’re welcome, Sir.
Mr Siregar : Yes, Fitri. Write a memo to all our employees that there is a new policy. All the employees have to attend Friday Fresh at 7 sharp in our indoor hall. There will be a direct disciplinary action from me to those who do not attend it without a
good reason.
Fitri : Then, is it going to be a must, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Absolutely, yes. Most of our employees seldom have their self-exercise. I intend to reduce the health insurance cost. And Friday Fresh is the starting
point. All of us have to obey this policy.
Fitri : Including you, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Yes, of course. The leader must be a model.
Fitri : That’s kind of you, Sir! When will it start, Sir?
Mr Siregar : Next Friday, at 7 sharp.
Fitri : Fine, Sir. I’ve got that. Anything else, Sir?
Mr Siregar : That’s all for now, I think.
Fitri : All right, Sir. I’ll do my work right now.
Mr Siregar : Thank you, Fitri.
Fitri : You’re welcome, Sir.
Questions
1. What does Mr Siregar want Fitri to do related to Mr Santoso?
2. What does he want Mr Santoso to do?
3. What does his memo say to the employees?
4. When will the new policy be effective?
5. What is the reason for making the new policy?
6. Can you guess who Mr Siregar is?
7. What does Mr Siregar mean when he says:
a. They have to attend the Friday Fresh at 7 sharp.
b. All of us have to obey this policy.
c. The leader must be a model.
1. What does Mr Siregar want Fitri to do related to Mr Santoso?
2. What does he want Mr Santoso to do?
3. What does his memo say to the employees?
4. When will the new policy be effective?
5. What is the reason for making the new policy?
6. Can you guess who Mr Siregar is?
7. What does Mr Siregar mean when he says:
a. They have to attend the Friday Fresh at 7 sharp.
b. All of us have to obey this policy.
c. The leader must be a model.
Memo
Memorandum comes from the Latin word that refers to something to be remembered. It is commonly simplified as ‘memo’. Its Latin meaning refers to the main function of the memo, that is, to note down the general important information immediately in the busy world of work.
Further, memos are functioned as written communication within companies. They are sent up and down as the corporate ladder from managers to employees and employees to managers. They allow a business or agency to communicate with itself in its day-to-day operations. They are also functioned as written communication within units of in companies.
All memos are structured similarly. They have:
1. an addressee – flush left, in capital letters, near the top of the page;
2. the sender - flush left, in capital letters, immediately below the addressee;
3. date - flush Left, in capital letters, immediately below the sender; and
4. subject - flush left, in capital letters, immediately below the date.
Memos typically make announcements, discuss procedures, report on company activities, and disseminate information to employees. They are informal and public. If you have something confidential to communicate, do not write it in a memo.
Memorandum comes from the Latin word that refers to something to be remembered. It is commonly simplified as ‘memo’. Its Latin meaning refers to the main function of the memo, that is, to note down the general important information immediately in the busy world of work.
Further, memos are functioned as written communication within companies. They are sent up and down as the corporate ladder from managers to employees and employees to managers. They allow a business or agency to communicate with itself in its day-to-day operations. They are also functioned as written communication within units of in companies.
All memos are structured similarly. They have:
1. an addressee – flush left, in capital letters, near the top of the page;
2. the sender - flush left, in capital letters, immediately below the addressee;
3. date - flush Left, in capital letters, immediately below the sender; and
4. subject - flush left, in capital letters, immediately below the date.
Memos typically make announcements, discuss procedures, report on company activities, and disseminate information to employees. They are informal and public. If you have something confidential to communicate, do not write it in a memo.
Now,
answer these questions. Number one has been done as an example.
1. Where does the word “memorandum” come from?
(It comes from the Latin word).
2. What does the word “memorandum” refer to?
3. What is the main function of a “memo”?
4. Why is memo called as a “corporate ladder”?
5. Describe the structure of a memo.
1. Where does the word “memorandum” come from?
(It comes from the Latin word).
2. What does the word “memorandum” refer to?
3. What is the main function of a “memo”?
4. Why is memo called as a “corporate ladder”?
5. Describe the structure of a memo.
UNIT
6
Work
in pairs. Study and act the dialogue out with your partner. Then, answer the questions
that follow.
Husband : Have you met Ana today?
Wife : Yes, I have. She talked about her vacation in Lombok Island.
Husband : What did she say about Lombok Island?
Wife : She said she had enjoyed the time when she was there.
Husband : Did you ask how the weather was?
Wife : It seems it was cool in Lombok cottages in the morning, but nice and warm along the coast when the sun was shining.
Husband : Did she say where she stayed?
Wife : She told me but I don’t remember.
Husband : Well, did she say whether the hotels were crowded?
Wife : Yes, apparently they were. She recommended that we make our reservations as early as possible if we want to go there.
Husband : Well, we had better do some checking right now.
Husband : Have you met Ana today?
Wife : Yes, I have. She talked about her vacation in Lombok Island.
Husband : What did she say about Lombok Island?
Wife : She said she had enjoyed the time when she was there.
Husband : Did you ask how the weather was?
Wife : It seems it was cool in Lombok cottages in the morning, but nice and warm along the coast when the sun was shining.
Husband : Did she say where she stayed?
Wife : She told me but I don’t remember.
Husband : Well, did she say whether the hotels were crowded?
Wife : Yes, apparently they were. She recommended that we make our reservations as early as possible if we want to go there.
Husband : Well, we had better do some checking right now.
Questions
1. Who went to Lombok Island? (Ana did.)
2. What did she say about her vacation there?
3. What did she say about the weather in Lombok?
4. What did she recommend to the couple?
5. What should the couple do immediately?
1. Who went to Lombok Island? (Ana did.)
2. What did she say about her vacation there?
3. What did she say about the weather in Lombok?
4. What did she recommend to the couple?
5. What should the couple do immediately?
Read
this monologue and answer the questions that follow.
Hi. I’m Melson. I had to make an important decision recently. I made an appointment for an interview at the Nusantara Sakti, and I had to decide what to wear. First, I considered wearing a sweater to the interview. Then, I thought about wearing a sports jacket. Finally, I decided to wear a suit and tie. I think I had made the right decision. I’m glad I didn’t wear a sweater or sports jacket. I feel that wearing a suit and a tie was the best thing for me to do.
Hi. I’m Melson. I had to make an important decision recently. I made an appointment for an interview at the Nusantara Sakti, and I had to decide what to wear. First, I considered wearing a sweater to the interview. Then, I thought about wearing a sports jacket. Finally, I decided to wear a suit and tie. I think I had made the right decision. I’m glad I didn’t wear a sweater or sports jacket. I feel that wearing a suit and a tie was the best thing for me to do.
Questions
1. What did Melson have to decide?
2. What did he consider to wear at first?
3. What did he finally decide to wear?
1. What did Melson have to decide?
2. What did he consider to wear at first?
3. What did he finally decide to wear?
Read
and study the following text and answer the questions that follow.
Bill Gates
William Henry Gates III or who is well-known as Bill Gates was
born in 1955 in Seattle, Washington. He is an American business executive, who
serves as chairman of Microsoft Corporation, the leading computer software company
in the United States. He attended public school through the sixth grade. In the
seventh grade he entered Seattle’s exclusive Lakeside School, where he met his
best friend Paul Allen. They cofounded Microsoft in 1975.
In 1980 Microsoft closed a pivotal deal with
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) to
provide the operating system for the IBM PC personal
computer. In 1986 Microsoft offered its stock to the public; by 1987 rapid appreciation of the stock had made Gates, 31, the youngest ever self-made billionaire.
In 1989 he founded Corbis Corporation, which now owns the largest collection of digital
images in the world. In the 1990s, as Microsoft’s Windows operating system and Office application
software achieved worldwide market dominance, Gates amassed a fortune worth tens of billions of
dollars.
In the late 1990s, with his wife he established the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which, ranked by assets, quickly became the largest foundation in the world. Gates has also authored two books: The Road Ahead (1995; revised, 1996), which details his vision of technology’s role in society, and Business @ the Speed of Thought (1999), which discusses the role technology can play in running a business.
In 1998 Gates appointed an executive vice president of Microsoft, Steve Ballmer, to the position of president, but Gates continued to serve as Microsoft’s chairman and chief executive officer (CEO). In 2000 Gates transferred the title of CEO to Ballmer. While remaining chairman, Gates also took on the title of chief software architect to focus on the development of new products and technologies.
In June 2006 Gates announced that he would begin transitioning from a full-time role at Microsoft to a full-time role at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He relinquished his title of chief software architect to Ray Ozzie, a veteran leader in computer technology and creator of Lotus Notes. Gates planned to remain chairman of Microsoft and to continue as its largest shareholder, but he said that by July 2008 he would have only a part-time role at the company he cofounded.
In 1980 Microsoft closed a pivotal deal with
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) to
provide the operating system for the IBM PC personal
computer. In 1986 Microsoft offered its stock to the public; by 1987 rapid appreciation of the stock had made Gates, 31, the youngest ever self-made billionaire.
In 1989 he founded Corbis Corporation, which now owns the largest collection of digital
images in the world. In the 1990s, as Microsoft’s Windows operating system and Office application
software achieved worldwide market dominance, Gates amassed a fortune worth tens of billions of
dollars.
In the late 1990s, with his wife he established the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which, ranked by assets, quickly became the largest foundation in the world. Gates has also authored two books: The Road Ahead (1995; revised, 1996), which details his vision of technology’s role in society, and Business @ the Speed of Thought (1999), which discusses the role technology can play in running a business.
In 1998 Gates appointed an executive vice president of Microsoft, Steve Ballmer, to the position of president, but Gates continued to serve as Microsoft’s chairman and chief executive officer (CEO). In 2000 Gates transferred the title of CEO to Ballmer. While remaining chairman, Gates also took on the title of chief software architect to focus on the development of new products and technologies.
In June 2006 Gates announced that he would begin transitioning from a full-time role at Microsoft to a full-time role at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He relinquished his title of chief software architect to Ray Ozzie, a veteran leader in computer technology and creator of Lotus Notes. Gates planned to remain chairman of Microsoft and to continue as its largest shareholder, but he said that by July 2008 he would have only a part-time role at the company he cofounded.
Questions
1. Who is William Henry Gates III?
2. When did he and his friend cofound Microsoft?
3. How old was he when he became a billionaire?
4. Mention the two books he wrote.
5. What is the institution he established with his wife?
6. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
7. What would he probably do by July 2008?
1. Who is William Henry Gates III?
2. When did he and his friend cofound Microsoft?
3. How old was he when he became a billionaire?
4. Mention the two books he wrote.
5. What is the institution he established with his wife?
6. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?
7. What would he probably do by July 2008?
UNIT 7
Work
in groups, study the dialogue and answer the questions. Then, act it
out with your classmates.
Teacher : What are you going to do after you graduate, Dipa?
Dipa : Oh, I’m planning to go to college.
Teacher : What do you plan to study?
Dipa : I’m thinking of majoring in chemistry.
Teacher : Hmm, that’s a good field. And what about you, Rini?
Rini : I hope to go to Bali.
Teacher : Oh, really? And what are you going to do there?
Rini : I think I’ll just travel around for a while.
Teacher : Lucky you! Tina, what do you think you’re going to do?
Tina : Well, I am going to go to college, but maybe I have to postpone it and get a job instead. I just don’t have the money right now.
Teacher : Yeah, I know what you mean. Money is tight these days. And you, Joko?
Joko : Well, if I get a scholarship, I’ll study architecture in Gajah Mada University.
Teacher : And if you don’t?
Joko : Well, then, I suppose I’ll have to get a job first and still study architecture.
Teacher : Well, guys, now I’m so sure, all of you have planned your own future. Make it real and I wish you good luck.
Teacher : What are you going to do after you graduate, Dipa?
Dipa : Oh, I’m planning to go to college.
Teacher : What do you plan to study?
Dipa : I’m thinking of majoring in chemistry.
Teacher : Hmm, that’s a good field. And what about you, Rini?
Rini : I hope to go to Bali.
Teacher : Oh, really? And what are you going to do there?
Rini : I think I’ll just travel around for a while.
Teacher : Lucky you! Tina, what do you think you’re going to do?
Tina : Well, I am going to go to college, but maybe I have to postpone it and get a job instead. I just don’t have the money right now.
Teacher : Yeah, I know what you mean. Money is tight these days. And you, Joko?
Joko : Well, if I get a scholarship, I’ll study architecture in Gajah Mada University.
Teacher : And if you don’t?
Joko : Well, then, I suppose I’ll have to get a job first and still study architecture.
Teacher : Well, guys, now I’m so sure, all of you have planned your own future. Make it real and I wish you good luck.
Answer
the following questions. Number one has been done as an example.
1. What is Dipa going to do after she graduates? (He is going to go to college.)
2. What does Dipa plan to study?
3. What is Rini going to do in Bali?
4. What is Tina going to do after she graduates?
5. What is Joko going to do after he graduates?
6. What will Joko plan to do if he does not get a scholarship?
1. What is Dipa going to do after she graduates? (He is going to go to college.)
2. What does Dipa plan to study?
3. What is Rini going to do in Bali?
4. What is Tina going to do after she graduates?
5. What is Joko going to do after he graduates?
6. What will Joko plan to do if he does not get a scholarship?
In
pairs, study the dialogue and answer the questions. Then, act it
out with your partner.
Mika:
Good morning. Mr Harun’s office.
Jaya: Good morning. Can I speak to Ahmad Harun, please?
Mika: I’m afraid he’s in a meeting until lunchtime. Could I take a message, Sir?
Jaya: Well, I’d like to make an appointment to see him, please. It’s Aji Jaya here.
Mika: Could you hold on for a minute, Mr Jaya? I’ll just look in the diary. So when’s convenient for you?
Jaya: Sometime next week if possible. I hear he is away the following week.
Mika: Yes, that’s right, he’s on holiday for a fortnight.
Jaya: Well, I need to see him before he goes away. So would next Wednesday be okay?
Mika: Wednesday. Let me see. He is out of the office all morning. But he's free in the afternoon, after about three. Jaya: Three o'clock is difficult. But I could make it after four.
Mika: So shall we say 4.15 next Wednesday, in Mr Harun’s office?
Jaya: Yes, that sounds fine. Thanks very much.
Mika: Okay, then. Bye.
Jaya: Good morning. Can I speak to Ahmad Harun, please?
Mika: I’m afraid he’s in a meeting until lunchtime. Could I take a message, Sir?
Jaya: Well, I’d like to make an appointment to see him, please. It’s Aji Jaya here.
Mika: Could you hold on for a minute, Mr Jaya? I’ll just look in the diary. So when’s convenient for you?
Jaya: Sometime next week if possible. I hear he is away the following week.
Mika: Yes, that’s right, he’s on holiday for a fortnight.
Jaya: Well, I need to see him before he goes away. So would next Wednesday be okay?
Mika: Wednesday. Let me see. He is out of the office all morning. But he's free in the afternoon, after about three. Jaya: Three o'clock is difficult. But I could make it after four.
Mika: So shall we say 4.15 next Wednesday, in Mr Harun’s office?
Jaya: Yes, that sounds fine. Thanks very much.
Mika: Okay, then. Bye.
Answer
the questions below. Number one has been done as an example.
1. What does Mika say to open the conversation while receiving the call?
Good morning. Mr Harun’s office.!
2. What does Mr Jaya say when he wants to speak to Mr Harun?
3. What does Mika mean when she says “Could I take your message, Sir?”?
4. How does Mr Jaya propose an appointment?
5. What does Mika mean when she says “when’s convenient for you?”?
6. What does Mika say when she arranges the time for Mr Harun to meet Mr Jaya?
1. What does Mika say to open the conversation while receiving the call?
Good morning. Mr Harun’s office.!
2. What does Mr Jaya say when he wants to speak to Mr Harun?
3. What does Mika mean when she says “Could I take your message, Sir?”?
4. How does Mr Jaya propose an appointment?
5. What does Mika mean when she says “when’s convenient for you?”?
6. What does Mika say when she arranges the time for Mr Harun to meet Mr Jaya?
BARACK OBAMA’S PLANS
Barack Obama is a junior United States senator from Illinois. He is the presumptive nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2008 presidential election. He is also the first African American to be a
major party’s presumptive nominee for president of the United State. With the slogan “CHANGE, We Can Believe in”, Obama has attracted the attention of millions of people in the world because of his vision.
As the candidate of president of the United States, Obama has many plans for a better America. Among other plans, Obama wants to change Washington. Obama plans to shine the light on Washington lobbying information for voters, shine the light on federal contracts, tax breaks and earmarks, bring Americans back to their government, and free the executive branch from special interest influence. To realize his plans, he will use the power of the presidency to seriously investigate congressional ethics violations. He will not sign any non-emergency bill before the public give reviews and comments on the White House website for five days. He will also release communications about regulatory policymaking between people outside the government and all White House staff to the public. He
will also not let political appointees offer jobs to agencies solely on the basis of political affiliations
or contributions.
Barack Obama is phenomenal. His race and young age do not stop him from running for president of the United State. His plans to make real changes in America attract sympathy from American people. Obama has inspired many people that there is nothing impossible as long as they want to work for it.
Source: www.en.wikipedia.org
Questions
1. What district does Senator Obama represent?
2. Which party does he belong to?
3. What is the motto of Obama’s campaign?
4. How do you interpret the motto?
5. What are Obama’s plans to change Washington?
6. What will Obama do to realize his plans?
7. As president, when will Obama sign the non-emergency bill?
8. Which action in paragraph 2 does represent Obama’s plan to bring Americans back to
their government?
9. What does ‘the public’ in paragraph 2 mean?
10. What does make Obama phenomenal?
Barack Obama is a junior United States senator from Illinois. He is the presumptive nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2008 presidential election. He is also the first African American to be a
major party’s presumptive nominee for president of the United State. With the slogan “CHANGE, We Can Believe in”, Obama has attracted the attention of millions of people in the world because of his vision.
As the candidate of president of the United States, Obama has many plans for a better America. Among other plans, Obama wants to change Washington. Obama plans to shine the light on Washington lobbying information for voters, shine the light on federal contracts, tax breaks and earmarks, bring Americans back to their government, and free the executive branch from special interest influence. To realize his plans, he will use the power of the presidency to seriously investigate congressional ethics violations. He will not sign any non-emergency bill before the public give reviews and comments on the White House website for five days. He will also release communications about regulatory policymaking between people outside the government and all White House staff to the public. He
will also not let political appointees offer jobs to agencies solely on the basis of political affiliations
or contributions.
Barack Obama is phenomenal. His race and young age do not stop him from running for president of the United State. His plans to make real changes in America attract sympathy from American people. Obama has inspired many people that there is nothing impossible as long as they want to work for it.
Source: www.en.wikipedia.org
Questions
1. What district does Senator Obama represent?
2. Which party does he belong to?
3. What is the motto of Obama’s campaign?
4. How do you interpret the motto?
5. What are Obama’s plans to change Washington?
6. What will Obama do to realize his plans?
7. As president, when will Obama sign the non-emergency bill?
8. Which action in paragraph 2 does represent Obama’s plan to bring Americans back to
their government?
9. What does ‘the public’ in paragraph 2 mean?
10. What does make Obama phenomenal?
UNIT
8
Read
and act out the following dialogue and answer the questions.
Here is a dialogue between a manager and his secretary. The secretary comes into his room to ask him to sign some letters. She also brings his diary up to date for the next few days.
Manager : Is there any mail from World Designer Company this morning?
Secretary: No, Sir. Are you expecting something?
Manager : I’m expecting an up-to-date price list from them.
Secretary: I’ll bring the mail for you as soon as possible when it comes.
Manager : Thank you.
Secretary: Excuse me, Sir. Can I take your diary? I need to bring it up-todate.
Manager : Yes, please. Do you find out what time I have to open the Batik Exhibition?
Secretary: Yes, Sir. It is at ten o’clock on Monday 6th.
Manager : OK. Please make me a dental appointment for next Friday morning. My tooth is aching up again.
Secretary: Yes, Sir. Anything else, Sir?
Manager : Ehmm… Here are some of my activities for next few days. Please rearrange my agenda in the right order and don’t forget to remind me every morning.
Secretary: All right, sir.
Here is a dialogue between a manager and his secretary. The secretary comes into his room to ask him to sign some letters. She also brings his diary up to date for the next few days.
Manager : Is there any mail from World Designer Company this morning?
Secretary: No, Sir. Are you expecting something?
Manager : I’m expecting an up-to-date price list from them.
Secretary: I’ll bring the mail for you as soon as possible when it comes.
Manager : Thank you.
Secretary: Excuse me, Sir. Can I take your diary? I need to bring it up-todate.
Manager : Yes, please. Do you find out what time I have to open the Batik Exhibition?
Secretary: Yes, Sir. It is at ten o’clock on Monday 6th.
Manager : OK. Please make me a dental appointment for next Friday morning. My tooth is aching up again.
Secretary: Yes, Sir. Anything else, Sir?
Manager : Ehmm… Here are some of my activities for next few days. Please rearrange my agenda in the right order and don’t forget to remind me every morning.
Secretary: All right, sir.
Questions
1. Why does the secretary come into his manager’s room?
2. What does the manager expect from the world designer company?
3. What time does the manager have to open the Batik Exhibition?
4. What does the manager want his secretary to do for next Friday morning?
5. What does the manager want his secretary to do every morning?
1. Why does the secretary come into his manager’s room?
2. What does the manager expect from the world designer company?
3. What time does the manager have to open the Batik Exhibition?
4. What does the manager want his secretary to do for next Friday morning?
5. What does the manager want his secretary to do every morning?
Here
is a dialogue between staff members. They are talking about creating a website for
their company. Study the dialogue and then answer the questions.
Rama:
You
know, I’m thinking about designing a website for our company. I think it is
quite necessary for us.
Budi: You’re right. Although our company is not a big one, it still seems to need a website, at least, for the business purposes. But, we have no one who has got good command of webbing.
Rama: That doesn’t matter. We can learn it. Look, I’ve found an article in the internet explaining
how to create a website with Yahoo! easily. Let me read the instruction. First of all, log in to Yahoo home page. Click on the 'GeoCities' link in the navigation pane to begin. Then, click the 'Sign Up Now' link. This will redirect you to the GeoCities start page,
which will ask you a series of questions that Yahoo! needs to know before you can create your Website. Next, determine what you intend your Website for by pressing one of the buttons next to your choice. Click on each box that indicates how you heard about GeoCities. Enter the 'Verification Key,' which is the letters and numbers that appear in the displayed image. Click 'Submit' once you are done. After that, click the
'Build Website Now' button to create your site using Yahoo's Sitebuilder application. This program helps you create your Website even if you have no experience with coding or programming. Finally, click the 'Submit' button once you've finished making changes with Sitebuilder, and your Website will reflect the changes you've made.
Budi : Wow. I think we can do it.
Budi: You’re right. Although our company is not a big one, it still seems to need a website, at least, for the business purposes. But, we have no one who has got good command of webbing.
Rama: That doesn’t matter. We can learn it. Look, I’ve found an article in the internet explaining
how to create a website with Yahoo! easily. Let me read the instruction. First of all, log in to Yahoo home page. Click on the 'GeoCities' link in the navigation pane to begin. Then, click the 'Sign Up Now' link. This will redirect you to the GeoCities start page,
which will ask you a series of questions that Yahoo! needs to know before you can create your Website. Next, determine what you intend your Website for by pressing one of the buttons next to your choice. Click on each box that indicates how you heard about GeoCities. Enter the 'Verification Key,' which is the letters and numbers that appear in the displayed image. Click 'Submit' once you are done. After that, click the
'Build Website Now' button to create your site using Yahoo's Sitebuilder application. This program helps you create your Website even if you have no experience with coding or programming. Finally, click the 'Submit' button once you've finished making changes with Sitebuilder, and your Website will reflect the changes you've made.
Budi : Wow. I think we can do it.
Questions
1. What is Rama thinking about?
2. Does Budi agree with him?
3. What does Budi worry about?
4. What did Rama find from the internet?
5. Are they going to design a website for their company?
6. How does one go to Geocities start page?
7. In the form of what does the verification key appear?
8. What does Yahoo’s Sitebuilder function?
9. When do you click the ‘Submit’ button?
10. When do you click the “Build Website Now” button?
1. What is Rama thinking about?
2. Does Budi agree with him?
3. What does Budi worry about?
4. What did Rama find from the internet?
5. Are they going to design a website for their company?
6. How does one go to Geocities start page?
7. In the form of what does the verification key appear?
8. What does Yahoo’s Sitebuilder function?
9. When do you click the ‘Submit’ button?
10. When do you click the “Build Website Now” button?
HOW
TO USE THE FACSIMILE MACHINE
Firstly, check the fax machine plug. After you check the fax machine power supply, check to make sure that its telephone cord is plugged into a phone jack.
Then, insert the document that you want to fax into the "outgoing" fax tray. Although the machine differs, there will usually be an icon or picture directing the user where to place the outgoing document. Most fax machines require the user to insert the documents face down, but check your specific machine.
Firstly, check the fax machine plug. After you check the fax machine power supply, check to make sure that its telephone cord is plugged into a phone jack.
Then, insert the document that you want to fax into the "outgoing" fax tray. Although the machine differs, there will usually be an icon or picture directing the user where to place the outgoing document. Most fax machines require the user to insert the documents face down, but check your specific machine.
Next,
dial the phone number to which you wish to send the document. In some offices,
you may need to dial a number such as "9" for an outside line. You may
also need to include the area or country code.
After that, wait for the receiving fax machine to "answer." You will hear a sound like a computer modem: a series of high-pitched squeals and static-like noises. Depending on your fax machine, you may have to press the "Start" button to send your fax, or your model may automatically start sending the fax by itself.
Later, look at the fax machine display console. It shows if pages have gone through successfully or if you need to resend a fax due to an error. Generally, when a fax has gone through successfully the machine will beep or display a "success" message. Then, stock your fax machine with plenty of paper in the "incoming" fax tray. If you receive a fax, it instantly prints on the paper provided. Even if it is out of paper, your fax machine will keep
received faxes in its memory, and it will print them when you finally stock the machine with paper.
Finally, note whether your fax machine has its own dedicated phone line. If so, it should receive faxes automatically. If you use one phone line for both your fax machine and a regular telephone, you may need to press "Start" to process an incoming fax. You can recognize an incoming fax easily; if you pick up the phone, you will hear the same modem sounds as when you are sending a fax.
After that, wait for the receiving fax machine to "answer." You will hear a sound like a computer modem: a series of high-pitched squeals and static-like noises. Depending on your fax machine, you may have to press the "Start" button to send your fax, or your model may automatically start sending the fax by itself.
Later, look at the fax machine display console. It shows if pages have gone through successfully or if you need to resend a fax due to an error. Generally, when a fax has gone through successfully the machine will beep or display a "success" message. Then, stock your fax machine with plenty of paper in the "incoming" fax tray. If you receive a fax, it instantly prints on the paper provided. Even if it is out of paper, your fax machine will keep
received faxes in its memory, and it will print them when you finally stock the machine with paper.
Finally, note whether your fax machine has its own dedicated phone line. If so, it should receive faxes automatically. If you use one phone line for both your fax machine and a regular telephone, you may need to press "Start" to process an incoming fax. You can recognize an incoming fax easily; if you pick up the phone, you will hear the same modem sounds as when you are sending a fax.
Questions
1. What do you have to do first when you want to use a fax machine?
2. Where do you insert the document you want to fax?
3. What do you do after you insert the document?
4. Should you always press the START button to send your fax?
5. Which part of the machine shows you whether the fax is successfully sent or not?
6. What does the machine do when the document has been sent?
7. Why do you have to stock paper in the incoming fax tray?
8. Will you lose your received fax if the machine is out of paper?
9. Which kind of machine receives faxes automatically?
10. How do you recognize an incoming fax?
1. What do you have to do first when you want to use a fax machine?
2. Where do you insert the document you want to fax?
3. What do you do after you insert the document?
4. Should you always press the START button to send your fax?
5. Which part of the machine shows you whether the fax is successfully sent or not?
6. What does the machine do when the document has been sent?
7. Why do you have to stock paper in the incoming fax tray?
8. Will you lose your received fax if the machine is out of paper?
9. Which kind of machine receives faxes automatically?
10. How do you recognize an incoming fax?
HOW
TO SAVE A WET CELL PHONE
Have you ever dropped your cell phone in the sink, or even worse, the toilet? It usually means you have to replace your phone, but sometimes if you are fast, you can save the phone! Although the plastic covers on cell phones are quite tight, water can enter the phone over time. So, you have to get it out of the water as soon as possible. After grabbing the phone from the water, removing the battery is one important thing to do. If you have a GSM carrier, remove your SIM card. But you do not need to heat it.
You just pat it dry and leave it aside until you need to
connect your phone to your cellular network. Obviously you need
to remove as much of the water as soon as possible. Remove any
covers and external connectors to open up as many gaps, slots,
and crevices as possible. If it is possible, you can use a vacuum.
This is the fastest method and can completely dry out your phone
and get it working in thirty minutes. However, you are not allowed
to hold the vacuum too close to the phone, as a vacuum can
create static electricity. You can use a substance with a high
affinity for water to help draw out moisture. For example, you can
leave your phone in a bowl of uncooked rice over night because
the rice will absorb any remaining moisture.
To evacuate all the moisture and humidity, leave the phone sit on an absorbent towels,
napkin, or other paper. After waiting for a day, test your cell phone. If it does not work, try to pluge
it into its charger without the battery. If this works, it means you need a new battery. If this does not
work, you should try to take your cell phone to an authorized dealer.
Have you ever dropped your cell phone in the sink, or even worse, the toilet? It usually means you have to replace your phone, but sometimes if you are fast, you can save the phone! Although the plastic covers on cell phones are quite tight, water can enter the phone over time. So, you have to get it out of the water as soon as possible. After grabbing the phone from the water, removing the battery is one important thing to do. If you have a GSM carrier, remove your SIM card. But you do not need to heat it.
You just pat it dry and leave it aside until you need to
connect your phone to your cellular network. Obviously you need
to remove as much of the water as soon as possible. Remove any
covers and external connectors to open up as many gaps, slots,
and crevices as possible. If it is possible, you can use a vacuum.
This is the fastest method and can completely dry out your phone
and get it working in thirty minutes. However, you are not allowed
to hold the vacuum too close to the phone, as a vacuum can
create static electricity. You can use a substance with a high
affinity for water to help draw out moisture. For example, you can
leave your phone in a bowl of uncooked rice over night because
the rice will absorb any remaining moisture.
To evacuate all the moisture and humidity, leave the phone sit on an absorbent towels,
napkin, or other paper. After waiting for a day, test your cell phone. If it does not work, try to pluge
it into its charger without the battery. If this works, it means you need a new battery. If this does not
work, you should try to take your cell phone to an authorized dealer.
UNIT 9
This
dialogue is a part of a situation in a meeting. Study the dialogue and
answer the questions. Then, compare your answers with your classmates’.
Samsul : Before I begin the report, I'd like to get some ideas from you all. How do
you feel about rural sales in your sales districts? I suggest we go round the
table first to get all of your input.
Nyoman : In my opinion, we have been focusing too much on urban customers and
their needs. The way I see things, we need to return to our rural base by
developing an advertising campaign to focus on their particular needs.
Anita : I'm afraid, I don't agree with you. I think rural customers want to feel as
important as our customers living in cities. I suggest we give our rural
sales teams more help with advanced customer information reporting.
Johan : Excuse me, I didn't catch that. Could you repeat that, please?
Anita : I just stated that we need to give our rural sales teams better customer
information reporting.
Nyoman : I don't quite follow you. What exactly do you mean? Anita : Well, we provide our city sales staff with database information on all of our
larger clients. We should be providing the same sort of knowledge on our
rural customers to our sales staff there.
Samsul : Would you like to add anything, Ms Mutia?
Mutia : I must admit I never thought about rural sales that way before. I have to
agree with Ms Anita.
Samsul : Well, let me begin my presentation. As you can see, we are developing
new methods to reach out to our rural customers.
Nyoman : I suggest we break up into groups and discuss the ideas we've presented.
Samsul : That’s a good idea.
Source: www.teachingenglishzone.blogspot.com
Questions
1. What is the topic of the meeting?
2. Who is the first giving the input?
3. What is the first input?
4. Does Anita agree with the input?
5. What does she say?
6. Who agrees with Anita?
7. How does she express her agreement?
8. Why does she agree with Anita’s opinion?
9. What does Nyoman suggest to the members?
10. Is his suggestion accepted?
answer the questions. Then, compare your answers with your classmates’.
Samsul : Before I begin the report, I'd like to get some ideas from you all. How do
you feel about rural sales in your sales districts? I suggest we go round the
table first to get all of your input.
Nyoman : In my opinion, we have been focusing too much on urban customers and
their needs. The way I see things, we need to return to our rural base by
developing an advertising campaign to focus on their particular needs.
Anita : I'm afraid, I don't agree with you. I think rural customers want to feel as
important as our customers living in cities. I suggest we give our rural
sales teams more help with advanced customer information reporting.
Johan : Excuse me, I didn't catch that. Could you repeat that, please?
Anita : I just stated that we need to give our rural sales teams better customer
information reporting.
Nyoman : I don't quite follow you. What exactly do you mean? Anita : Well, we provide our city sales staff with database information on all of our
larger clients. We should be providing the same sort of knowledge on our
rural customers to our sales staff there.
Samsul : Would you like to add anything, Ms Mutia?
Mutia : I must admit I never thought about rural sales that way before. I have to
agree with Ms Anita.
Samsul : Well, let me begin my presentation. As you can see, we are developing
new methods to reach out to our rural customers.
Nyoman : I suggest we break up into groups and discuss the ideas we've presented.
Samsul : That’s a good idea.
Source: www.teachingenglishzone.blogspot.com
Questions
1. What is the topic of the meeting?
2. Who is the first giving the input?
3. What is the first input?
4. Does Anita agree with the input?
5. What does she say?
6. Who agrees with Anita?
7. How does she express her agreement?
8. Why does she agree with Anita’s opinion?
9. What does Nyoman suggest to the members?
10. Is his suggestion accepted?
This
is a dialogue between staff members. They are talking about the meeting
they just attended. Study the dialogue and answer the questions that follow.
Nia : Well, that was one of the lively committee meetings I've attended.
Udin : I agree with you. The discussion became quite heated at times.
Nia : I felt a bit sorry for Dita when she challenged the chairman about the accounts.
Udin : I did too. The chairman really made mincemeat of her.
Nia : That was because Dita hadn't got all her facts right.
Udin : That's right. I think she'll prepare a bit more thoroughly next time she thinks
about doing something like that.
Source: www.dailyenglish626.com
Questions
1. What does Nia think about the meeting?
2. Does Udin agree with her?
3. What does he say?
4. Why did Nia feel sorry to Dita?
5. Could the chairman beat Dita’s argument?
they just attended. Study the dialogue and answer the questions that follow.
Nia : Well, that was one of the lively committee meetings I've attended.
Udin : I agree with you. The discussion became quite heated at times.
Nia : I felt a bit sorry for Dita when she challenged the chairman about the accounts.
Udin : I did too. The chairman really made mincemeat of her.
Nia : That was because Dita hadn't got all her facts right.
Udin : That's right. I think she'll prepare a bit more thoroughly next time she thinks
about doing something like that.
Source: www.dailyenglish626.com
Questions
1. What does Nia think about the meeting?
2. Does Udin agree with her?
3. What does he say?
4. Why did Nia feel sorry to Dita?
5. Could the chairman beat Dita’s argument?
Vocational
Education Must Provide Students with Life Skills
The issue of teaching life skills has recently drawn the attention of educators. The schools --
even vocational schools -- throughout the country have not provided students with competitive life
skills. It is high time for education planners in this country to redefine vocational education in a
comprehensive way. Labour and vocational problems are now largely dependent on global forces.
There must be integrative life planning bringing together many aspects of people's lives, their
communities, and the larger society.
First of all, vocational planning should accommodate the changing global context. Vocational
school students should know various jobs in the local and global settings. So, the vocational school
curriculum should incorporate skills to enable students to work overseas, such as midwifery,
international communication services, and computer and language skills for vocational purposes.
Second, vocational planning should put lives into a meaningful whole. Usually, it is believed
that people need to work to live. However, work alone cannot provide us with all that we want.
Instead, we want a balance between work and other life functions. Students should be advised to
prioritize work according to their unique individual, family, work, and community needs and values.
Third, vocational planning should value pluralism. As a nation with ethnic, racial, religious,
and geographic diversity, we need an educational system that promotes an understanding of
differences. Expatriates and foreign business circles in Indonesia should have an informed
awareness of the sense of spirituality. It will strengthen the employees’ commitment to their work.
Fourth, vocational planning should manage personal transitions and organizational changes.
The most salient characteristic of globalization is change. Employees should be knowledgeable
about the potential organizational change at the workplace. They should also be taught how to
manage the process. Different companies develop their own company culture so that students
should be made familiar with those cultures. It will help them prepare themselves to successfully
manage organizational change.
In summary, above guidelines are translations of the modern approach to career
development. Vocational schooling and vocational training for graduates need to be redefined in a
comprehensive and interdisciplinary way. Various dimensions of life are pieces that when put
together make a whole. So, they must be taken into consideration.
The issue of teaching life skills has recently drawn the attention of educators. The schools --
even vocational schools -- throughout the country have not provided students with competitive life
skills. It is high time for education planners in this country to redefine vocational education in a
comprehensive way. Labour and vocational problems are now largely dependent on global forces.
There must be integrative life planning bringing together many aspects of people's lives, their
communities, and the larger society.
First of all, vocational planning should accommodate the changing global context. Vocational
school students should know various jobs in the local and global settings. So, the vocational school
curriculum should incorporate skills to enable students to work overseas, such as midwifery,
international communication services, and computer and language skills for vocational purposes.
Second, vocational planning should put lives into a meaningful whole. Usually, it is believed
that people need to work to live. However, work alone cannot provide us with all that we want.
Instead, we want a balance between work and other life functions. Students should be advised to
prioritize work according to their unique individual, family, work, and community needs and values.
Third, vocational planning should value pluralism. As a nation with ethnic, racial, religious,
and geographic diversity, we need an educational system that promotes an understanding of
differences. Expatriates and foreign business circles in Indonesia should have an informed
awareness of the sense of spirituality. It will strengthen the employees’ commitment to their work.
Fourth, vocational planning should manage personal transitions and organizational changes.
The most salient characteristic of globalization is change. Employees should be knowledgeable
about the potential organizational change at the workplace. They should also be taught how to
manage the process. Different companies develop their own company culture so that students
should be made familiar with those cultures. It will help them prepare themselves to successfully
manage organizational change.
In summary, above guidelines are translations of the modern approach to career
development. Vocational schooling and vocational training for graduates need to be redefined in a
comprehensive and interdisciplinary way. Various dimensions of life are pieces that when put
together make a whole. So, they must be taken into consideration.
1.
What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
2. Why should vocational planning value pluralism?
3. Why do we need an educational system that promotes an understanding of
differences?
4. Why should the vocational school curriculum incorporate skills to enable students to
work overseas?
5. Why do vocational schooling and vocational training for graduates need to be
redefined in a comprehensive and interdisciplinary way?
2. Why should vocational planning value pluralism?
3. Why do we need an educational system that promotes an understanding of
differences?
4. Why should the vocational school curriculum incorporate skills to enable students to
work overseas?
5. Why do vocational schooling and vocational training for graduates need to be
redefined in a comprehensive and interdisciplinary way?
LPG Sell
Like Hot Cakes among Street Vendors
Street vendors in the city have made
a smooth transition from using kerosene to
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with the
availability of portable stoves. More street
vendors now use portable gas stoves.
Budi, who sells chicken noodles in front
of a state elementary school in Slipi, Central
Jakarta, has been using a gas stove for six
months. He said that LPG is cheaper and more
efficient than kerosene. He only spends
between Rp 13,000 and Rp 15,000 to refill a
three-kilogram
container, which lasts for two or three days. He
said besides being cheaper, LPG also produced a stronger
flame, allowing him to cook faster. It only takes about 15
minutes to cook a big pan of noodles, while it would take
more than 20 minutes using a kerosene stove. Budi has been using the portable gas stove since
the price of kerosene increased and its supply became scarce in the city.
Budi previously used a gas stove provided by the city administration but it was too bulky
to fit into his cart. Other street vendors are also facing the same problem, which has led to
household appliance stores creatively assembling stoves for the high mobility needs of street
vendors. Budi said that the stove is more practical compared to the one distributed by the
government. It is small enough to fit into his cart. In spite of this little problem, this government’s
project still brings advantages to the people.
Street vendors in the city have made
a smooth transition from using kerosene to
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with the
availability of portable stoves. More street
vendors now use portable gas stoves.
Budi, who sells chicken noodles in front
of a state elementary school in Slipi, Central
Jakarta, has been using a gas stove for six
months. He said that LPG is cheaper and more
efficient than kerosene. He only spends
between Rp 13,000 and Rp 15,000 to refill a
three-kilogram
container, which lasts for two or three days. He
said besides being cheaper, LPG also produced a stronger
flame, allowing him to cook faster. It only takes about 15
minutes to cook a big pan of noodles, while it would take
more than 20 minutes using a kerosene stove. Budi has been using the portable gas stove since
the price of kerosene increased and its supply became scarce in the city.
Budi previously used a gas stove provided by the city administration but it was too bulky
to fit into his cart. Other street vendors are also facing the same problem, which has led to
household appliance stores creatively assembling stoves for the high mobility needs of street
vendors. Budi said that the stove is more practical compared to the one distributed by the
government. It is small enough to fit into his cart. In spite of this little problem, this government’s
project still brings advantages to the people.
TIME
MANAGEMENT
In today’s fast movement world, if we cannot
manage our time, it will manage us. For most of
professionals, they commonly hint the old English
proverb – time is money – to manage their time. Actually,
it is not all about the money. Time management is a very
important aspect in our life. Now, pay close attention and
use this time management story to show how planning is
the key to time management.
A lecturer at a university is giving a pre-exam
lecture on time management. On his desk there are a
bag of sand, a bag of pebbles, some big rocks and a
bucket. He asks for a volunteer to put all three grades of stone into the bucket,
and a keen student duly steps up to carry out the task, starting with the sand,
then the pebbles, then the rocks, which do not all fit in the bucket.
"The is an analogy of poor time management," trills the lecturer, "If you'd
have put the rocks in first, then the pebbles, then the sand, all three would have
fit. This is much like time management, in that by completing your biggest tasks
first, you leave room to complete your medium tasks, then
your smaller ones. By completing your smallest tasks first
you spend so much time on them and you leave yourself
unable to complete either medium or large tasks
satisfactorily. Let me show you."
Then, the lecturer re-fills the bucket, big rocks first,
then pebbles, then sand, shaking the bucket between each
so that everything fits. "But Sir," says one student, slouched
at the back of the row, "You've forgotten one thing.." at
which the student approaches the bucket, produces a can of
coke, opens it and pours into the bucket. "No matter how
busy you are," quips the student with a smile, "There's
always time for a quick coke."
Finally, at the end of the lecture, the lecturer delivers some tips of time
management to his students. First, plan and prioritise our activities. Set realistic
deadlines for the things we want to achieve. If we have to have meetings, be
clear about the agenda and make sure who are attending, and are aware of it as
well. Start our meeting on time and finish on time. Unexpected visitors can be
handled adroitly so that they do not eat up too much time. Transform our waiting
time by taking along some of our work which can be finished while waiting for an
appointment. Be gracious with people but ruthless with time! After all, never put
off until later what you can do right now.
In today’s fast movement world, if we cannot
manage our time, it will manage us. For most of
professionals, they commonly hint the old English
proverb – time is money – to manage their time. Actually,
it is not all about the money. Time management is a very
important aspect in our life. Now, pay close attention and
use this time management story to show how planning is
the key to time management.
A lecturer at a university is giving a pre-exam
lecture on time management. On his desk there are a
bag of sand, a bag of pebbles, some big rocks and a
bucket. He asks for a volunteer to put all three grades of stone into the bucket,
and a keen student duly steps up to carry out the task, starting with the sand,
then the pebbles, then the rocks, which do not all fit in the bucket.
"The is an analogy of poor time management," trills the lecturer, "If you'd
have put the rocks in first, then the pebbles, then the sand, all three would have
fit. This is much like time management, in that by completing your biggest tasks
first, you leave room to complete your medium tasks, then
your smaller ones. By completing your smallest tasks first
you spend so much time on them and you leave yourself
unable to complete either medium or large tasks
satisfactorily. Let me show you."
Then, the lecturer re-fills the bucket, big rocks first,
then pebbles, then sand, shaking the bucket between each
so that everything fits. "But Sir," says one student, slouched
at the back of the row, "You've forgotten one thing.." at
which the student approaches the bucket, produces a can of
coke, opens it and pours into the bucket. "No matter how
busy you are," quips the student with a smile, "There's
always time for a quick coke."
Finally, at the end of the lecture, the lecturer delivers some tips of time
management to his students. First, plan and prioritise our activities. Set realistic
deadlines for the things we want to achieve. If we have to have meetings, be
clear about the agenda and make sure who are attending, and are aware of it as
well. Start our meeting on time and finish on time. Unexpected visitors can be
handled adroitly so that they do not eat up too much time. Transform our waiting
time by taking along some of our work which can be finished while waiting for an
appointment. Be gracious with people but ruthless with time! After all, never put
off until later what you can do right now.
